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1044: Anawrahta, the first
king-founder of dynasty and the kingdom of Bagan
unified for the first time Myanmar. He
introduced “Theravada Buddhism” with the
assistance of a missionary monk Shin Arahan,
from Thaton. At this period, Anawrahta developed
agriculture, power in Rakhine region, the Shan
state and the Mon kingdom. The “pali” language
became the religious crowned language and the
“Mon” language became literary language of
Myanmar. King Anawrahta’s most remarkable “works
of merit” are Shwezigon stupa, Shwesandaw stupa
and Lowkanandar stupa, all are located in Bagan.
The golden age of Bagan was until the end of
13th century.
1364: Shan princes founded again,
Innwa Kingdom, near present Mandalay. On the
west coast, the “Rakhine” (or Arakanais) founded
“Mrauk-U U” (Myo Haung), as a Buddhist Kingdom
which could compete as Bagan.
1550: Events of king “Bayinnaung” from
Taunggu. His Taunggu dynasty managed to reunify
the country. At the 18th century where French,
Dutch and British fought for the control of the
Southeast Asia, the Taunggu dynasty disappeared
due to the consequences of Mon revolts supported
by French.
1824: The British declared the war
with Myanmar (Burmese). Under the treaty of
Yandabo, a British "governor" took the control
of several areas.
1852: Second Anglo-Burmese war. Lower
Myanmar (and its immense rice and teak reserves)
became the province of the Indian empire.
1885: British seized Mandalay palace
and upper Myanmar. They annexed the country into
British India Empire. The Indians came to settle
in mass in the country.
1942: During the Second World War,
Japanese penetrated the country and initially
raised the “Burmese National Army”, carried out
by Aung San (future "father founder" of
independent Burma) against British and
proclaimed his independence. However, the end of
the war, the national army was allied to British
to push the Japanese.
1948: 4th January, Myanmar (Burma)
became independent and quitted the Commonwealth.
The new government of U Nu was confronted with
the disintegration of the country, with the
various rebellion groups: hill tribes,
communists, the “Mon”, and many other...
1962: General Ne Win, with the head of
a military government, seized the power and
imposed a socialist mode. The policy of "Burmese
Socialist Program Party” resulted in much
nationalization.
1988: Following demonstrations in
favor of the democracy, U Ne Win retired in
July. In September, a coup d'état brings the
power to SLORC, State Law and Order Restoration
Council.
1989: The country takes the name of “Union
of Myanmar”.
2005: The new administrative capital “Naypyitaw”
is founded, near Pyinmana, located at some 380
km in the north of Yangon. |
